World Problem 6
Aging population

WORLD PROBLEM: The population is aging and increasing in numbers and fewer young people are available to support the older generation in developed nations as well as replace the aging population and maintain the current economic system in its present form.

TRENDS SUPPORTING THIS VIEW AND THE SOLUTIONS SOUGHT BY GOVERNMENTS AND BUSINESS PROFESSIONALS:

  1. An increasing proportion of the population living in the current economic system of many developed nations is aging.

    Evidence for this can be observed in the statistics gathered from Census Bureaus. For example, in the US, persons aged 65 years or older numbered 35.9 million in 2003 (or 12.3 per cent of the American population). In 1990, the number was 31.2 million. If current trends continue, the number of people aged 65 years or older is projected to reach 71.5 million in 2030 (roughly 20 per cent of the American population) and 86.7 million in 2050. There is no end in sight for the increasing number of people to be classified as aged persons (ie. 65 years or older).

    These figures were obtained from the US Administration on Aging website updated in March 2004.

    In Australia, the population aged 65 years and over is expected to increase from 2.5 million (or 13 per cent of the total population) in 2002, to between 6.1 and 11.7 million in 2101 (roughly 29 to 32 per cent of the total population). These figures were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

    In another estimate, 25 per cent of the Australian population will be aged 65 years and over by 2040, while the population of working-age people will drop from 67 per cent in 2005 to 60 per cent in 2040.

    Similar trends can be found in Japan and Europe. Actually, current projections for Japan would suggest this country will have the highest proportion of the population aged 65 and over of any country in the world and will soon be described as "the oldest in the entire world".

    Japan will be followed closely by Italy and Hong Kong.

  2. Life expectancy for most people in developed nations is expected to reach over 90 years for men and women by 2050.
  3. Fertility rates to replace the aging population is considered by governments to be too low in developed nations.

    For example, Europe's average fertility rate is currently down to 1.48 children per woman. Looking at specific European countries, the Czech Republic is at 1.17, Italy at 1.3 and even the predominantly Roman catholic Ireland that led with 3.5 children per woman in 1960 was dropped below 2.0 in 2005. It is claimed a rate of 2.1 is needed to maintain the population at current levels. Despite the influx of childbearing immigrants to Western Europe, total population of the 47 nations of Europe (including Russia) is allegedly going to fall from 725 million in 2005 to 632 million in 2050.

    The country once labelled the lowest birth rate in the world (only to be taken over by the Czech Republic) was Spain. With a rate of only 1.2, the Spanish Government is worried the country's social welfare system will collapse. Demographer Juan Antonio Fernandez of Spain's Superior Council for Scientific Research claims the country needs four times its current population by 2050 (based on the current percentage of young people in the Spanish population maintaining the economic system) to support the retirees. But because Spanish women are not likely to be persuaded to make more babies, there is a risk the massive numbers of immigrants entering the country will affect Spain's culture and population makeup.

    In Australia, the birth rate is 1.7 children per woman, which halved from 3.6 in 1961. The main reason for the low birth rate is the desire for women to have a career but also the work pressure and hectic lifestyle has seen fewer women choosing to have babies. Other factors include increasing HECS debt and experience in the outcomes of previous marriages that have broken up resulting in woman who are now smart enough to realise the stress involved in trying to manage a child and a career on their own.

    In essence, it comes down to the stress of the people in achieving work-related goals of their employers and ultimate the economy while not having enough time to relax and do other things outside of work.

    The importance for Australian governments to increase population has never been so clearer than the statement made by former Victorian Premier Jeff Kennett. On 19 April 1999, Mr Kennett said to an audience of schoolgirls from Melbourne's MacRobertson Girls' High School:

    'We have an ageing population, our women are not producing enough offsprings to simply maintain our population levels.

    'But for you, who are going to be very major contributors to this society right through until the year 2060, it is important that we keep our population increasing so that there are enough young people meeting the demands of society, working to look after those of us who are older, but also coming up with new ideas.' (http://www.cqnet.com.au/~user/dancasey/Population_control.html)

    Given these birth rate figures and the way some governments are saying we need more children, one would be forgiven into thinking the global population levels are declining. The truth is, total human population levels continue to increase. The levels have surpassed 6 billion in 1999, and we will reach 10 billion by 2050. Total population levels are increasing exponentially and we should be quite rightly concerned about the population explosion.

    Where the overpopulation problem really lies is with third-world nations and those people described as having a strong religious affiliation (eg. muslims and christians), not so for the highly educated and/or more environmentally-aware "religious" or "non-religious" populations of developed nations according to government officials.

  4. Governments, businesses and a number of religious people (which usually includes governments and businesses) are making hard decisions about how to solve the aging population crisis. With fertility rates at or near an all time low for a number of developed nations, there seems to be an urge to kickstart the current economic system.

    Among some of the strategies being implemented by governments include convincing people there is no such thing as an overpopulation problem anywhere in the world. "The problem lies with the age of the population" as people are told. Because we are aging and no longer replacing ourselves, it is a myth to believe there is a population explosion. In that way, it is hoped people will believe the planet can do with a few more babies or so we are told. It is either that, or governments will have to seriously consider establishing the sex olympics to get people to see the value of sex and making babies. We have the normal Olympics and the para-Olympics. So why not have the Sex Olympics as well?

    Or why not a "f*ckfest"?

    And given the fascination governments have with small businesses in maintaining the current economic system, why not give incentives for someone to set up a business called the "Willie Wanker and the Sperm Factory" for women to get pregnant with?

    Of course some politicians won't be quite so confronting and direct like this. They will be subtle in how they wish to entice people to make babies. A classic example of this is the statement made by Australian Federal Treasurer Mr Peter Costello in May 2004:

    'You should have one for the father, one for the mother and one for the country...if you want to fix the ageing demographic, that's what you do.' (Totaro, Paola. Where have all the babies gone?: The Sydney Morning Herald. 9-10 April 2005, p.27.)

    Likewise, governments will provide strong economic incentives to do your bit of populating the nation.

    For example, Mr Costello claims you will receive $3,000 for each baby you make after July 2004. Of course, what Mr Costello doesn't tell you is that to benefit from these thousands of dollars free from the government, you must time the birth within a few days of the end or beginning of the fiscal year. Otherwise you will pay more tax for the income you earn and the baby bonus amount if the baby pops out sometime in the middle of the financial year (eg. around December or January). Cunning bastards!

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    27 April 2005
    The Australian Federal (Howard) Government through Finance Minister Mr Peter Costello and Health Minister Mr Tony Abbott says it will only support this "making babies" policy if it doesn't cost the government (ie. taxpayers) too much money. If it costs too much, everyone else will have to pay for the cost because "nothing in life is completely free, nor should it be..." as Australian Prime Minister Mr John Howard has declared.

    So what does this make the two residences in Sydney and Canberra for the Prime Minister to live in? If this ain't free, then why are taxpayers tolerating paying for two residences instead of one (ie. he should be living in Canberra while he remains Prime Minister)?

    The Australian Federal Government is touting Australians should root for their country at other people's expense. Yet the Government will cut back funding to in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatments for women. Now the policy is women over 42 years of age will receive Medicare payments to cover a lifetime maximum of 3 treatments, and no more than 3 treatments per year for women younger than 42. If women want more, they should pay. The argument being that IVF treatments are "non-essential" or not life-threatening (unless the woman is in the middle of giving birth of course). In other words, the Government has realised making babies through IVF treatments are getting too expensive.

    The Government further backs this up by saying the chances of success for women having a baby over 42 is considered so small it is not worth spending the money. This view is based on recent statistics showing only 1.5 per cent conceive for women over 42 years of age. Everyone else with infertility problems below this age have a 20 (first attempt) to 35 (after three attempts) per cent chance of success.

    Try telling this to Defence Minister Robert Hill and his close mate Mr Howard with their decision to send troops to Iraq. The chances of success in turning Iraq into a democracy are very small indeed yet Mr Howard is prepared to spend billions upon billions of dollars fighting the war with the US. Then he has the nerve to say to everyone else not likely to make a profit to the Government that nothing in life is free.

    The unspoken policy from the Government today is to root like rabbits the old fashion way (ie. it costs nothing to the Government). But do make sure to bring your wallets later in case the Government can't afford childcare (since parents are required by the Government to work) and other social services (eg. health since the government does not curb businesses making unhealthy foods for the sake of a health economy).

    A "cabinet-in-confidence" letter leaked to The Sydney Morning Herald's Louise Dodson suggests tension between the Liberal Communications Minister Helen Coonan and Prime Minister John Howard was high when she described infertility as "a health condition for which treatment is available, not a lifestyle choice which society chooses to indulge" (Metherell, Mark. Fertile debate: The Sydney Morning Herald. 30 April-1May 2005, p.33.).

    Coonan says IVF success rates have improved substantially. To curtail funding to IVF treatments now would contradict the government's own pro-baby policy of June 2004.

    Mr Howard sticks to Mr Abbott's plan to cut back funding to IVF treatments.

    A former secretary of the Health Department under Labor, Mr Stephen Duckett, says if saving money through the Medicare system was the issue for the Government, then why target IVF treatments as the only area worthy of the cut backs in the eyes of Mr Abbott when there are other cost savings to be made in Medicare such as unnecessary numbers of chest X-rays conducted as routine procedure.

    IVF doctors have speculated Mr Abbott's strong christian up-bringing has had an influence. Fundamentalist christians do oppose fertilisation taking place outside of the body. However, Catholic Health Australia's Francis Sullivan rejects the idea saying religion played no role in this decision. We are none the wiser as to the view on this from Mr Abbott.

    But if religion was a dominant part of the decision, then where's the christian values and beliefs showing that war should not be seen as the solution to world problems (eg. terrorism, unemployment etc)? Killing has never been the hallmark of christianity. The religion's own charismatic leader Jesus Christ has made it abundantly clear in his teachings that the killing of people to solve problems is not the solution.

    And to prove his understanding of the concept of love in the face of such cruetly in the hands of the Roman terrorists, he showed it to his people by sacrificing himself on the cross.

    Does Mr Abbott and Mr Howard have the same understanding of the concept of love by being prepared to die in the hands of modern terrorists? Probably not. They are too busy maintaining power and building up their wealth and superannuation funds. Anyone who interferes with this selfish activity will be treated accordingly by the military and law enforcement agencies.

    And if religion was not the reason, then why was IVF treatments singled out as the only specific medical practice within the Medicare system requiring substantial funding cutbacks?

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    5 May 2005
    The Australian Federal (Howard) Government officially backs down on its policy to limit the number of IVF treatments. It comes as former Education Minister Mr Brendan Nelson and other Liberal ministers expressed a strong sense of disapproval of the policy. Now the Government has given the IVF problem to a group of health professionals to decide on a more suitable solution.

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    18 May 2005
    After providing an incentive to Australian women to make babies through a A$3,000 baby bonus for each baby born after 1 July 2004, the Australian Federal (Howard) Government is indirectly asking for the money back by asking all mothers to return to work, pay extra taxes, and pay for child care. Either that, or the politicians want to turn babies into government property. Sounds like it is time for Australian mothers to follow the lead of British women as the following graffitti in Oxford reveals:

    Insert baby for refund.
    (On contraceptive vending machine, Oxford)

    The Australian version should be:

    Insert baby for refund.
    (On the front doors of the New Parliament House in Canberra)

    Of course, we won't ask how the environment is fairing in this bizarre social experiment!

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    28 May 2005
    Just as single mums were starting to come around to the idea of having to return to work (after making babies), the Australian Federal (Howard) Government wants to introduce unfair dismissal laws as part of its major industrial relations reforms after 1 July 2005 when it has total control of the Senate. This means employers will have the upper hand in sacking any employee without giving a reason. So if you're pregnant and want to take maternity leave or simply have kids to support, the employer can choose the right moment to sack you when you return to work without explanation. As Emma Ashton of Marrickville in NSW said:

    'Do the industrial reforms override anti-discrimination laws? Can a business of fewer than 100 employees now dismiss an eight-months' pregnant woman for no reason? Can they dismiss her as she comes back from maternity leave? If this is the case, all the gains women have made in the workplace in the past 20 years are gone. Costello's "baby boom" may come to a grinding halt.' (The Sydney Morning Herald: Work changes an unfair dismissal of workers' rights (Opinion and Letters). 28-29 May 2005, p.38.)

    More of a reason to have a baby refund. You keep the A$3,000 for the time and effort of carrying the baby inside of you and giving birth and later you give the baby to the government to pay for its upbringing. Based on pure economics, this makes perfect sense.

    It is no wonder some single mothers are contemplating the possibility of trapping men in brief sexual liaisons and later claim to the Federal Government that the men are the fathers of the women's children in the hope of getting men to pay substantial child support.

    And then some men commit suicide because the current Family Law forces men (single or otherwise) to pay more for child support (based on an 80/20 system where men pay 80 per cent of the support) irrespective of whether the mothers find another partner to financially support them or the mothers ask more money claiming this is the actual cost of supporting a child until the men find it too expensive to feed themselves. Or else some men have to be cunning by disappearing mysteriously and work temporarily interstate and keep changing work and home locations until it becomes virtually impossible for the Government or the mothers to find and force the men to pay child support. Or the alternative is to become unemployed and thus avoid the payments altogether.

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    20 May 2005
    Single mothers are the main target of the Australian Government's new policy to force people into work. Ironically, new mothers married to an income-producing male partner are exempt from this policy. Is this an economic reason or a religious reason? If it is an economic reason and the growing percentage of aging people is considered a major problem, you would think every person capable of entering the workforce would be forced into a job. Not so for mothers having a male partner. This leaves us with only one explanation: a religious one. The Government is rewarding mothers in the traditional Christian family unit consisting of a married heterosexual couple with children. Anyone else who is divorced, living in de facto relationships, gay couple, or people who just want to be single with children are being discriminated in the family tax benefits.

    Are we to assume this is the Christian concept of love where we must selectively choose who should be given love and the rest can work their butts off or else follow the Christian approach? For whom? The Government? The US President? The fundamentalist Christian's own understanding of God? Rubbish!

    This is not the true religion of God we should all be promoting. We are no where near it.

    The true religion of God requires us to realise love is for all people. We don't use our L-brain to decide where love should go and that's it. The true religion requires us to use our R-brain as well. Our L-brain is there to make sure there aren't people missing out on the love and we acknowledge the differences because those differences mean creativity and a potentially new way of doing things and in seeing the world. The R-brain merely helps us to view the real world as it should where everyone is equal in the eyes of God.

    In the end, we must balance our thinking. Not this nonsense of purely rational "L-brain" thinking in which we dictate who gets what in this world and the rest can go to hell by working to support the traditional fundamental L-brain Christian view of the world.

    The politicians really have a lot to learn. They take things in the Bible too literally without going beneath the surface of the ocean to see the deeper meaning of the concept of love.

    It is no wonder the world is the way it is. One cannot possibly see how a planet such as this could be bringing God to us and we to God by the way we treat our environment badly and those people who don't fit precisely into the ideal Christian views without acknowledging how their own concept of love is forcing people to become who they are today and unfortunately it is not all good.

    There is no way God can be on the side of the Australian Government in these matters.

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    18 June 2005
    The Federal (Howard) Government is trying to come up with a formula for calculating the actual costs of raising a child and being more fairer in how much fathers should pay for child support. But will any parent agree to exactly how much a child costs according to the formula?

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    22 July 2005
    The Federal (Howard) Government may now be shifting its focus to the increasing numbers of men being forced into casual and part-time jobs described by Sue Richardson, professor of economics at Flinders University, as the victims of a new economy. She believes this "semi-employment" or Clayton approach to working for employers is causing significant problems when it comes to improving Australia's historically low fertility rate, increasing marriage rates and the rise in sole-parent families.

    Among the statistical figures touted by Ms Richardson (believed to be obtained from the National Institute for Labour Studies) is how of the 1.5 million extra jobs created between 1994 and 2004, only 12 per cent of those were permanent full-time jobs taken by men. A further 24 per cent were full-time, but their duration ensured it was of a contract, labour hire or casual basis and therefore men lost out in conditions such as annual leave or sick leave and not having to work overtime regularly.

    As Professor Richardson said in a speech to the Australian Social Policy Conference at the University of NSW on 22 July 2005:

    'We need to change course to avoid a lot of despair and misery. The labour market is making it extremely difficult for men and women to choose to become parents.' (Horin, Adele. Men out of work — why families are falling apart: The Sydney Morning Herald. 23-24 July 2005, pp.1 & 4 (pp.1 & 4))

    She described the changes to the economy as a "disaster". She further adds:

    '...it's not a successful labour market. It's bad for men, and it's bad for children. You can't keep a family on a part-time job.

    'The labour market has been extremely hostile to men, particularly men who don't have any post-school education.

    'Men who can't get a full-time or secure job are not attractive marriage prospects.' (Horin, Adele. Men out of work — why families are falling apart: The Sydney Morning Herald. 23-24 July 2005, p.4 (pp.1 & 4))

    On the whole, Professor Richardson has viewed the economy as hostile to family life. You either have to work long hours and thus not enough time to create and nurture a family, or too few hours and thus not enough money to support a new family. As Richardson said:

    'You can't be a good parent either in the low-hour or long-hour jobs — you've either got not enough money or not enough time.' (Horin, Adele. Men out of work — why families are falling apart: The Sydney Morning Herald. 23-24 July 2005, p.4 (pp.1 & 4))

    Women, on the other hand, are fairing a little better in the statistics with 60 per cent of new jobs taken up by women of which 22 per cent of those are full-time permanent jobs.

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    24 July 2005
    Some current affairs programs are suggesting a majority of people who marry or have sexual relationships are likely to be someone you know at work (if you have a job). It must show the long hours people are faced with at work which eventually forces people at work to turn to each other for emotional support and possibly to have children.

    ## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
    12 January 2006
    The new Australian IR reforms to be enacted on 1 July 2006 will encourage unskilled single mothers to stay on family welfare payments because it is easier than going to work and realising they have to pay nearly double for rent and the high costs of child care.

    NOTE: Some people will try to balance this view by adopting children from third-world nations as a possible solution to the aging population. While other people argue we should increase immigration of young skilled people in third-world nations to allow for a greater percentage of young people to support the economic systems of developed nations. As these people believe, at least immigration and adoption will go some way towards balancing the overpopulation problems in third-world nations and the perceived under-population levels in developed nations. But this only works if all the current young people in developed nations are properly trained and given employment. Otherwise, as we are seeing in some European countries, young unemployed people are likely to join R-wing extreme groups for a solution to their social problems and all they can see are immigrants looking like they are taking all the jobs.

    Then we have the religious types such as the Catholic Family and Human Rights Institute eagerly quoting a UN report prepared by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs in 2001 that:

    'Over the period 1961-1998, world per capita food available for direct human consumption increased by 24 per cent, and there is enough being produced for everyone on the planet to be adequately nourished.

    'From 1900 to 2000, world population grew from 1.6 billion persons to 6.1 billion. However, while world population increased close to 4 times, world real gross domestic product increased 20 to 40 times, allowing the world to not only sustain a four-fold population increase, but also to do so at vastly higher standards of living.' (http://www.cqnet.com.au/~user/dancasey/Population_control.html)

    The essential argument expressed in this quote is that people can populate because there is adequate food for everyone.

    The truth is, food is not being distributed properly to all people in every nation. Profit and power lies at the heart of world leaders in developed nations to distribute food only to those who can afford it and/or willing to give foreign businesses access to local markets. If this wasn't true and food is distributed to everyone and everyone had a paid job in the new economic world order for supporting all nations, would there be an aging problem in developed nations? Probably not.

    Then the religious types argue we should have more babies because they are God's gift to the world. But as one anonymous person said:

    'People have one or two children not because they dislike them, but because they are extremely expensive. You can give a better life to two or three than you can to five or six (most of us anyway).' (http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a3b41e2ee55ac.htm)

    Then the religious types will argue it is because those people who think having children is expensive is because they want to purchase new cars, have vacations, take cigarettes, go to restaurants, and live in the centre of the city and pay high mortgages and so on. If people live simply, God will always provide everything needed to support any number of children in this world. This argument would seem justified when they read the following quote from a person living in an expensive city:

    'It's no surprise the birth rate is falling. Interest rate increases, health insurance increases, reduced services for public health, public education and a deregulated jobs market making it harder for Australians to get permanent work.

    'As a 28-year-old Sydneysider, who has been married for four years, employed consistently during university and in full-time employment since graduation, I should know. With increasing costs and pressures to make ends meet, raising a family is way down on my list of priorities.' (Collin, Philippa. Opinion & Letters: The Sydney Morning Herald. 5-6 March 2005, p.36.)

    However this religious view assumes we are all in search of buying new cars and the rest which is not the case for most people. It also assumes we all fully recycle and grow our products which is not the case given the state of our environment today through climate change and the impact of businesses in the current economic system. Add to this the job insecurity problem expected to increase following the workplace relations reforms taking place by some governments, and having the money to support children is looking very thin indeed.

    And what about those people who aren't living in the cities and yet still find the task of raising children a financial strain? How does the religious view explain this situation?

    Perhaps religious people will argue more education is the key. But education takes money if it involves working for the economy. Otherwise, the economy must collapse in favour of an education to help grow and recycle food.

    But if we are to maintain the economy in its present form — warts and all — then as one woman remarked, "I hereby pray that God take over the provisioning of this case so that I can keep a bit more of my earnings."

    Yet the arguments continue. As another religious person would say:

    'Your being silly. Do you seriously think this women is praying to God to help her get on her feet. Does it seem she is trying at all to get on her feet? There is a world of difference between saying someone who has no husband, no job, no morality, and is making no effort to find any of the above should not have kids, and saying a couple working hard to make ends meet canŐt afford kids because they want that second new car. If this women followed Christian morality at all, which is kind of presumed if you are talking about welcoming kids into your home as God's gift, she wouldn't be a welfare case.'

    And another going after the religious types said: "If you made out well with 4, why didn't you have 6 or 7??? Did finances get in the way?"

    Then another religious person writes, "*BETTER* life? Bullhooey. You can give them more things -- more expensive clothing, more trips on airplanes, newer cars (or cars, period) when they turn 16, nicer toys. But the quality of life is COMPLETELY independent of how many kids are in a family."

    We must interpret this as meaning that large families in third-world nations can have a high quality of life by letting God provide them with everything so it doesn't matter how many children you have. The more children the better.

    What do we mean by letting God provide everything? If this means learning the knowledge for growing and recycling the essential products the families need to survive on any piece of land available to them (so long as they are not being ravaged by civil war or disease, or profit-motivated businesses trying to take the land away), then how is it that a number of religious people have jobs supporting the current economic system in developed nations and yet the environment is allowed to be degraded?

    Are these religious people (many of them acting as so-called leaders in politics and business) making the assumption God is providing them with everything through the current economic system? Are they thinking the economic system in its present form is doing enough to recycle its products and look after the environment to "let God provide everyone with everything"?

    If this is true, then how is it that there are a growing number of scientists and environmentalists showing concern about the environment? Where are the religious types in bringing "God's work" to this planet by ensuring everyone has what they need through the process of full and proper recycling and learning to live within one's means? Or are they keeping to themselves (and possibly quietly getting richer and politically more powerful) at the expense of others because they think other people are not "God's children" and therefore don't deserve God's help because of their sins?

    As Jesus once said to his people, "Let he who is free of sin cast the first stone."

    Given how many religious people aren't looking after the environment properly, somehow we feel there are religious people in the world (mainly in positions of power) who are not learning very well from their own Bible studies.

    Perhaps religious people need a good kick up the backside with a quote just to get things moving along in the right direction. As part of an address in a meeting in London of 30 environment and energy ministers from 20 of the world's biggest polluters, Gordon Brown said in March 2005:

    'If our economies are to flourish, if global poverty is to be banished, and the well-being of the world's people enhanced...we must make sure we take care of the natural environment and resources on which our economic activity depends.' (The Canberra Times: Fears EU shrivelling as fertility rate drops. 19 March 2005, p.15.)

    Then maybe God's work will reveal itself ever more distinctly to the global community by looking after the environment.

  5. Some governments and businesses will use some interesting logic to suggest there is no overpopulation in the world. For a start, they say the highly populated cities of Sydney or Los Angeles are not overpopulated. Then they say the overpopulation myth had originally come from third-world nations where the population numbers are excessive. As author Michael Schwartz of his book Overpopulation and the War against the Poor wrote:
    '...the myth of overpopulation is one of the most powerful in the world... in reality it is nothing more than a rationalisation for a worldwide war against the poor - a war which inhibits legitimate development and social justice.... The Netherlands has four times the population density of its former colony Indonesia, but it is Indonesia and not the Netherlands that is said to have a problem of overpopulation.'

    Even when 64 per cent of 350 people surveyed in a city called Canberra in May 2005 believed their city was the right size and a further 8 per cent thought it was too big, the remaining 28 per cent consisting mostly of business, government and their supporters believed it isn't big enough and could do with a population explosion. Driven primarily by the development lobby, there is a view population is never too small and can always be expanded without limit or concern. As Dr Clive Hamilton of the Australia Institute said:

    'The development lobby has always had an undue influence on Canberra's planning. It wants endless expandsion, but now we know that most Canberrans would prefer zero population growth.' (Doherty, Ben. We love you just the way you are: The Canberra Times. 28 May 2005, p.1.)

    On the other hand, the head of Demography and Sociology at the Australian National University (ANU), Professor Peter McDonald, told a symposium on population growth and economic prosperity of Canberra that:

    'Canberra cannot restrict its growth by letting its population age with no replenishment at the younger ages. Replenishment is inevitable or the Australian Government [or parts of it] will have to move elsewhere.' (Doherty, Ben. We love you just the way you are: The Canberra Times. 28 May 2005, p.1.)

    But what if we looked at the total human population of the world? And what about eliminating the word retirement from the English language? If the entire population of any age was properly utilised to achieve work for all nations, would there be enough young people in the under-developed nations and old people in developed nations to support each other in any endeavour (economic development or otherwise)?

    The key here is development where poorer nations are able to perform the work needed to support the entire global community in return for food, education and new technologies. At the same time we deal with any form of discrimination by employers who want to employ only young people. Yet still retain an apparent zero population growth for centuries in order to meet certain environmental standards in the regions?

    As the Report on negative effects of population control on Africa from the African Caucus, 12 April 1994 (sponsored by Population Research Institute) said:

    'African nations are forced to accept as a precondition for funding, family planning and all its attendant projects -abortion, contraception, sex education etc. A lot of money is expended by Western agencies, particularly Planned Parenthood of America, on contraceptives for Africa... In villages where there is no portable water, no electricity, and no health care services, the major concern of these world population control agencies is not development but family planning clinics.'

    But then again even if we could utilise the entire human population towards development so as to give governments in developed nations the perception that there is no aging population crisis anymore, would the world have enough resources to support people in third world nations wanting to become rich themselves, especially if development focusses on non-renewable and inadequately recycled products?

    Because at the end of the day, it is the environment that ultimately dictates whether the current economic system survives or not.

THE SOLUTION:

All world problems have a simple solution. Solving world problems really depends on:

1. The type of people involved (eg. R-wing/L-brain or L-wing/R-brain).

2. How much listening and gathering of information we do to understand a problem.

3. The careful balance of R-brain and L-brain skills when searching for a solution.

4. Choosing a solution that takes into account the feelings of those people and other living things that will be affected by the solution.

5. Applying the solution.

How do we tackle the aging population?

Analysts and policymakers in developed nations are trying hard to find ways of dealing with an increasing aging population while having the expectation that the current economic and capitalist system with poor recycling mechanisms will be maintained no matter what.

Is this a realistic goal?

It seems the aim for governments in maintaining the current economic system is to have large numbers of sufficiently young people into jobs (and hence able to pay their taxes). Because taxes give everyone better services and more products and hence able to support the population well into old age. This assumes, of course, there is a limitless supply of resources and enough young people to provide the services and products for supporting the entire human population at any age.

What's more interesting about this discussion of the aging population is how the governments of developed nations (many of which are of the religious type) would prefer not to focus on the problem of world population in any proper discussion for fear of revealing the population explosion. Instead governments and religious people want to focus on population for a developed nation while ignoring all other nations on the planet, then hopefully the statistics will convince people of the need to make more babies (if not for the sake of keeping God happy).

By having more babies, we can support the current economic system which in turn should hopefully support the aging population.

Is there a better solution?

Well, if people (including the old-age) choose to live in the cities (mainly for convenience and easy access to resources and services while not contributing in old-life to maintaining and even recycling those resources as needed to maintain the current system), policymakers will have no choice but to legislate people to work longer well into their old-age before receiving benefits. It is either that or everyone employed in business and the government must pay higher taxes.

This explains why some governments, namely the Australian Federal (Howard) Government, believes there are too many people receiving welfare benefits and feel more people could be employed (while hoping no money would be needed to train them for certain jobs).

This is now becoming the case for countries such as France, Germany, Japan, Italy and soon the US and Australia. Unless there is a radical change in our thinking about the current economic system, we will have no choice but to face a situation where people must work for a very long time and/or pay more taxes to support the entire community.

Should we be forced to accept and maintain the current economic system, especially while it is not properly recycling its products, thinking it will solve all world problems?

Better still, can we not create a non-economic system either independently or inconjunction with the existing economic system? In such a system, money should not be seen as the overriding factor in people's lives. Rather, the emphasis should be on the environment and learning to grow and recycle products needed for survival.

In this non-economic system, jobs are viewed as any tasks needed to help one's own survival and ultimately of others by concentrating on products needed by people to survive and to fully recycle those products. In such a system, life is much simpler; there is no need for money to survive; people are seen as of equal importance and able to contribute equally to the system (ie. there is no emphasis on religion, race, age, or how rich or poor when deciding on how people are able to contribute); jobs are permanent for everyone (there is always a need to grow and recycle the products); people can keep fit throughout their working life (good for the health care system) when creating the products; there is plenty of healthy food for everyone; people in such a system will have a fully-recycled small home of their own to live (using recycled timbers, stones and metals); and there can be plenty of time to think about things before doing them (ie. self-educate and learn from others) especially in times when there is plenty of food for everyone (hence allowing population levels in such a system to remain low and sustainable).

The crucial thing to remember is that such a system would have to place a much higher value on the environment, not money. That's the key to solving the aging population crisis which in turn can help to kickstart the current economic system (eg. a surplus of food and new ideas from the people working in the non-economic system).

This means people do not have to "retire" when they reach the age of 65 as they normally do in the current economic system. Instead, people start a new adventure and new way of living where the aim of trying to be number 1 in a highly competitive fashion is completed removed. The new aim is cooperation and a willingness to learn new tasks and contribute in any way you can towards making the products for the new society. In return, you will get healthier, have access to new friends, learn new skills, think about better solutions for society, build homes for one another, and live in a sustainable way for the rest of your life.

There is no need to struggle for survival in the new system. You have what you need. And it costs nothing (you just walk outside to pick the food you need). All you do is provide some contribution such as gardening and growing food and in return you will have what you need to survive.

And best of all, you are never alone in the new system. You have people around you if you want to and all working towards a common goal. You can develop relationships with the people around you if you like, knowing you can always trust them because they are not driven to compete and take away your ideas in return for a financial reward. You live like normal human beings. All that people ask of you is to contribute some of your time to helping grow the recyclable products.

By implementing such a non-economic system (ie. no money is exchanged), older people do not have to place a burden on the current economic system. Nor are they seen as second-class citizens. Older people aged 65 and over can live a more independent and healthy life just like everyone else while participating in volunteer activities needed to become self-sustaining in their own and other people's living.

For example, why not let older people design and grow a garden and let younger people help with the general maintenance and perhaps help extract some foods and cook them for the elderly?

As the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) said:

'A largely healthy, independent older population can also form a valued social resource, for example in providing care for others, sharing skills and knowledge and engaging in volunteer activities.' (http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/95560b5d7449b135ca256e9e001fd879?OpenDocument)

Just imagine it. Get the older population to live independent of the economic system and volunteer in their own and everyone else's survival by growing food, keeping fit, learning new skills and helping others in the new system (which would support the religious view that God is providing all that we need to survive and be happy) and what would we have?

Go even further and ask what happens if some of the young people could join the new system? Would it help young unemployed people develop skills and feel more confident about themselves instead of being treated as second-class citizens in the cities because they happen to be on welfare payments and no one wants to train them and give them a go? Would it help young people taking drugs in the cities to live a simpler, healthier and less-stressful life and so change their lives around?

What would be the impact of such a system in solving many of the social, environmental (and potentially future economic) problems in the current economic system?

With so much talk of increasing deficit in economic systems of various developed nations (namely the US and Australia — not surprising given the cost of invading Iraq and potentially over nations in the fight against terrorism) — unless we emphasise more profit from businesses to counteract the deficit, we may have no choice but to bail out of the economic system and purchase land to survive on our own. Could another, more serious economic depression force people to go in this direction in a more harsher way? Or can we balance it now?

Some experts believe such a non-economic system would not be possible to implement (and therefore we should do as the government says we should which is to work harder and longer and pay more taxes) because there are too many old people with strokes and broken bones requiring constant care. Such a new non-economic system would not be able to help them. As the ACT chairman of the Aged and Community Services Association and chief executive of Mirinjani Nursing Home and Hostel Mike Siers said:

'We do hear horror stories of people that have been in hospital a long time and we are trying to minimise that. Our biggest concern is people who have an ageing parent who is surviving OK but then they have a fall or a stroke and have to go into hospital. It then becomes apparent they cannot care for themselves at home and the family goes into crisis mode as they try to find a place.

'Some elderly people will never need care and will live to the ripe old age of 96 and die in their sleep. But if there is a sudden reduction in mobility and they cannot care for themselves the search is on. Basically, unless someone in an aged-care facility dies, there are no beds available, so families have to keep doing the rounds at all the homes.' (Streak, Diana. The age of descent: The Canberra Times. 12 March 2005, p.B1.)

Well, if the mental pressures of the current economic system and the emphasis on working long hours in front of computers weren't the norm, people can help one another and age gracefully, get healthier and develop stronger bones, and people can relax right throughout their old age and still be able to contribute something to society (hopefully something more creative than the government's own rational rhetoric for solving current problems). But as we have it, the current economic system will need to employ people to look after the present generation of older people. It is the least we can do and will prove whether we have learned anything about the concept of love after going through the system.

As for the government, the priority should be to pay people well for looking after the aged community. Otherwise a new non-economic system for young people looking after the older members of society should be implemented. Greater support for carers must soon form the essential part of any socially-responsible government of the day.

As for the next generation and the generations that follow, laws must change to ensure people can exercise, relax and prepare for the new system. Then there can be no more excuses.

## SPECIAL UPDATE ##
24 October 2008
The Australian Federal (Rudd) Government has agreed to provide a AUD$1,400 bonus to older people earning a pension. It appears to be a once-off payment designed to appease the older people. While the money will go a long way for older people, more needs to be done.

 
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